ISSN 1000-3665 CN 11-2202/P

    穿透曲线随流量升高的变化特征及预测

    Change characteristics of breakthrough curves with increasing flow rate and prediction

    • 摘要: 为了研究流量条件对岩溶管道溶质运移的影响,设计9种不同管道流量进行示踪实验,发现随着流量升高,峰值浓度逐渐增大,穿透曲线(BTC)拖尾逐渐缩短,弥散系数基本不变。在3种管道结构中,单管峰值浓度随流量升高增加的速度最快,不对称水箱峰值浓度随流量升高增加的速度最慢。相比单管道,对称水箱导致溶质瞬态存储在漩涡中明显滞后,不对称水箱导致主体溶质滞后穿透以及部分溶质瞬态存储在漩涡中滞后运移。根据中间7种流量的实验数据,拟合得到BTC特征参数与峰值时间的关系式和特征参数与流量的关系式。采用2种方法预测最大和最小流量条件下的BTC特征参数:根据流量预测峰值时间,接着根据峰值时间预测其他特征参数;分别根据流量预测多个特征参数。结果表明方法2的预测效果较好,但在野外条件下方法1有优势。

       

      Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of flow variation on solute transport in the conduit, the tracer experiments were conducted under 9 different flow rates. The experimental results show that the peak concentration increases and the tailing of breakthrough curve (BTC) decreases while the dispersion coefficient is basically unchanged with the increasing flow rate. With the increasing flow rate, the increase of the peak concentration is the fastest for the single pipe and the increase of peak concentration is the slowest for the asymmetrical pool. The symmetrical pool induces appreciable tracer retention (significant tailing of the BTC) due to transient storage in eddies. The asymmetrical pool causes slow penetration of the main tracer cloud (later arrival of the entire BTC) due to flow reversals in the pool and creates the tracer intention (tailing of the BTC) by transient storage in the pool. The relationship between the morphological parameters of BTCs and peak time and the relationship between the parameters and flow rate were developed based on the experimental data obtained under flow rates 2-8. We used two modes to predict the morphological parameters of BTCs under the maximum and minimum discharge: Mode 1, predicting peak time according to the flow rate and then predict other parameters according to peak time; mode 2, predicting all morphological parameters according to the flow rate. It is found that the prediction effect is better in the second mode, but the first mode has the advantages in field conditions.

       

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