Abstract: In arid and semiarid regions, utilization of groundwater is more apt to cause adverse impacts on a fragile ecosystem. The Halolebaoji groundwater wellfield is laocated in the semiarid region in Ordos in Inner Mongolia. From 2009 to 2014, the pumping rate of groundwater for industrial water demand is 6.0-7.3 (×104) m3/d, which resulted in negative ecological and environmental consequence. To inspect the actual relationship between the environmental changes and the groundwater pumping, the variation patterns of meteorological conditions, groundwater exploitation regime, water table, lakes area and vegetation index are investigated with specific quantitative indices to verify the influence of groundwater pumping on the environments. The results show that from 2009 to 2014, decrease in groundwater level is generally greater than 1 m in the area from the pumping center to the distance of 10 km, the sizes of the upstream lakes, Kuishengnao and Aogejiaonao, decreased in a degree of 30% and the climatic sensitivity of vegetation index at this site of the wellfield increased. The allowable withdrawal given in previous assessment is overestimated. It should be less than 3×104 m3/d when considering the ecological and environmental restrictions.