地下水环境中的硫代砷研究进展

严克涛; 郭清海

doi:10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.2019.06.18

地下水环境中的硫代砷研究进展

严克涛,
郭清海^,

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（41861134028；41572335；41772370）

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-09-03
- 修回日期: 2018-12-13

Advances in thioarsenic in groundwater systems

YANKetao,

摘要

摘要: 硫代砷是富硫化物地下水中砷的重要形态，对环境和人类健康有潜在威胁。目前硫代砷研究程度尚低，本次主要针对国内外地下水（地热水）中硫代砷的存在形态，水文—生物—环境地球化学过程，样品保存，定量检测方法等方面进行研究。结论如下：pH, 氧化还原电位，硫化物含量和微生物作用等是影响地下水中硫代砷稳定存在和形态分布的重要因素。含铁矿物能与水中的硫代砷形成配位键对其进行吸附，吸附性普遍弱于（亚）砷酸盐，因此，地下水中硫代砷可能表现出更强的迁移性。用于硫代砷检测的自然水样在采集中可采取过滤，速冻，厌氧和低温短期保存的操作流程，以减缓该形态的转化甚至消失。色谱联用ICP-MS系统可用于自然水样中硫代砷的分离定量检测，紫外—可见分光光度法和X射线吸收光谱法在不同场景下也可对硫代砷进行定量和表征分析。地热水和浅层地下水中均可能存在硫代砷，由于水样中硫代砷的不稳定性，室内检测和分析难以准确反映现场过程，因此，野外样品保存技术和现场检测方法的更新可能在未来有更大研究空间，值得进一步探索。
- 硫代砷 /
- 地下水 /
- 地热水 /
- 研究进展
Abstract: Thioarsenic has been proved to be predominant species in sulfidic groundwaters, and is taken as threat to human health and the environment. Since our understanding of this species is far from comprehensive, based on survey of current research results in this field, this paper is focused on hydrologic-biological-environmental geochemical processes, sample preservation, separation and detection techniques of thioarsenic species, to demonstrate the latest advances in the thioarsenic studies. The results show that pH, Eh, concentration of sulfide and microorganism activities are key factors for the thioarsenic stability and speciation in groundwater. Iron-bearing minerals can form coordination bonds with thioarsenic to adsorb them, however, the capacity of adsorption are generally lower than those with arsenite and arsenate, making thioarsenic species easier to transport in groundwater systems. Filtration, quick-freezing and short time anaerobic cryopreservation can be used on natural water samples for thioarsenic analyses, in order to slow down the transformation or even disappear of thio species. IC-ICP-MS can be used in quantitative analyses of thioarsenic in natural water samples, and Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry and X-ray Absorption Spectrometry can be capable of quantitative characterization analysis of thioarsenic in different scenarios. Thioarsenic can be encountered in both shallow groundwater and geothermal water. Due to the unavoidable transformation of thioarsenic in water samples, it is difficult for indoor analyses to accurately reflect the geochemical processes. Thus, the update of field sample preservation technology and field detection method may have more research potential in the future.
- thioarsenic /
- groundwater /
- geothermal water /
- research advance

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