Abstract:
Upscaling is often employed in numerical simulation of groundwater flow because the parameters are measured in the field on a support scale, which is much smaller than the discretization scale of the numerical model. A reasonable upscaling method can both improve the calculation efficiency and ensure the simulation accuracy. The method is applied to the upscaling of heterogeneous hydraulic conductivity fields in the numerical contaminant transport model of perchloroethylene (PCE), a typical non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) in groundwater, on the basis of the introduction of Laplacian with skin. The simulation results are also compared with those from the fine scale model and the coarse scale model upscaled by arithmetic average. The case study shows that the PCE contaminant transport model established by UTCHEM, which is upscaled by Laplacian with skin, can better describe the spatial moments (including the zero moment, the first moment and the second moment) of the plume over time, whether for the single source situation or dual sources situation. The absolute value of the relative error of the zero moment is less than 0.25%. Moreover, the coarse scale model only takes about 3% of the calculation time of the fine scale one, indicating that the methodology of Laplacian with skin is worth promoting in practice.