ISSN 1000-3665 CN 11-2202/P

    川藏铁路卡子拉山滑坡发育特征与防灾减灾对策

    Characteristics of Kazila mountain landslide and its mitigation measures on the Sichuan-Tibet Railway

    • 摘要: 为查明川藏铁路卡子拉山隧道进口规划建设区地质灾害特征,评价其在川藏铁路建设和运营期间可能遭受的地质灾害风险,采用高精度遥感、机载LiDAR、工程地质勘查等“空-天-地”一体化技术对该隧道进口规划区开展调查研究。结果表明:川藏铁路卡子拉山隧道进口规划区内发育有1#、2#滑坡和俄洛堆不稳定斜坡;1#滑坡规模约32.48×106 m3,2#滑坡规模约10.15×106 m3,均为已发生的特大型岩质滑坡;俄洛堆不稳定斜坡位于2处滑坡中部,规模约35.80×104 m3,下部为强风化岩体,上部为碎石土结构,为中型复合型结构斜坡。评价认为:川藏铁路卡子拉山隧道进口选线从2处滑坡体中部山脊穿过,2处滑坡对铁路选线未构成地质安全风险,但隧道进口穿过的俄洛堆不稳定斜坡存在潜在地质安全风险;1#、2#滑坡体在天然工况下处于稳定状态,俄洛堆不稳定斜坡在天然和地震工况下处于稳定状态,在暴雨工况下处于欠稳定状态。为规避工程建设扰动诱发潜在的滑坡风险,建议将卡子拉山隧道选线进口向东南侧平移,通过边坡开挖的合理设计、施工期间的实时监测及运营期间的针对性治理等措施,从源头上对潜在滑坡风险进行防控,以保证工程建设及运营安全。研究结果可为川藏铁路选线提供科学的地质依据。

       

      Abstract: In order to examine the characteristics of geological hazards in the entrance planning area of the Kazila mountain tunnel on the Sichuan-Tibet Railway, and to evaluate the geological hazard risks that may be endangered during the planning, construction and operation of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway, the “air-space-ground” integrated technologies such as high-precision remote sensing, airborne Lidar and engineering geological survey are used in the study area, and two landslides and a potential unstable slope of Eluodui in the entrance area of the Kazila mountain tunnel are identified. The Eluodui unstable slope is located in the middle of the two landslides, the volume of 1# landslide and 2# landslide are about 32.48×106 m3 and 10.15×106 m3, respectively, and both of the landslides are large-scale rock ones that have occurred. The volume of the Eluodui unstable slope is about 35.80×104 m3, the lower part is strongly weathered rock mass, and the upper part is gravelly soil structure. It is a medium-sized composite structure slope. The evaluation results show that the route selection at the entrance of the Kazila mountain tunnel of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway passes through the middle ridge of two landslide masses, and the two landslides do not pose a geological safety risk to the railway route selection, but there are potential geological safety hazards on the unstable slope of Eluodui at the entrance of the tunnel, and the slided mass is stable under the natural conditions. The unstable slope of Eluodui is stable under the natural and seismic conditions, and is unstable under the rainstorm conditions. In order to avoid potential geological hazards caused by engineering construction disturbance, it is suggested to shift the route selection entrance of the Kazila mountain tunnel to the southeast, and prevent and control the potential landslide risk from the source through reasonable design of slope excavation and real-time monitoring during construction and engineering control during operation. The study may provide a scientific geological basis for scientific route selection of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway.

       

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