岩性圈闭型压缩气体地质储能场地适宜性评价方法及应用研究

郭朝斌; 王福刚; 李采; 朱宇通

doi:10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202403010

岩性圈闭型压缩气体地质储能场地适宜性评价方法及应用研究

郭朝斌^{1, 2,},
王福刚³,
李采^{1, 2, ,},
朱宇通^{1, 2}

1.
中国地质科学院，北京　100037
2.
自然资源部碳封存与地质储能工程技术创新中心，北京　100037
3.
中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田，山东东营　257001

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（42372286；42002255；U2244215；U2344226）；中国地质调查局地质调查项目（DD20221819）；中国地质科学院基本科研业务费专项经费（JKYQN202306；JKY202413）

详细信息

作者简介:
郭朝斌（1989—），男，博士，副研究员，主要从事多相流体数值模拟工作。E-mail：guochaobin123@hotmail.com

通讯作者:
李采（1979—），女，博士，正高级工程师，主要从事多相流体数值模拟工作。E-mail：licai@cags.ac.cn

中图分类号: X701；P542⁺.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-04
- 修回日期: 2024-05-06
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-26
- 刊出日期: 2024-07-14

Site suitability evaluation method and application of compressed gas geological energy storage in lithologic trap

GUO Chaobin^{1, 2,},
WANG Fugang³,
LI Cai^{1, 2, ,},
ZHU Yutong^{1, 2}

1.
Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing　100037, China
2.
Technology Innovation Center for Carbon Sequestration and Geological Energy Storage, MNR, Beijing　100037, China
3.
Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Company, Dongying，Shandong　257001, China

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摘要

摘要:
针对目前岩性圈闭型压缩气体地质储能场地适宜性评价多基于静态因素，缺乏动态多因素的耦合分析，导致评估结果与实际工程应用存在较大差异这一问题，开展细化储能场地适宜性评价方法研究。通过考虑储气层储集性、储能安全性、实际操作性等方面，提出场地静态可行性分析与动态性能评估相结合的方法，并以胜利油田孤东辖区A2砂体为例开展应用研究。通过场地地质特征静态分析、GPSFLOW数值模拟软件定量评价以及现场先导性注气试验评估，结果显示A2砂体井口压力在注入标况空气9.4×10⁴ m³结束后下降8.16%，显示密封性良好，符合储能空间要求。表明考虑储能系统动态性能的场地适宜性评价方法可为项目的选址和建设、储能效率的评价及优化提供更准确的数据支撑，有利于促进清洁能源利用与能源转型的可持续发展。
- 地质储能 /
- 适宜性评价 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 水文地质 /
- 岩性圈闭
Abstract:
The current evaluation of the suitability of lithological trap-type compressed gas geological storage sites is mostly based on static factors. It lacks a coupled analysis of dynamic multiple factors, leading to a significant gap between the assessment results and actual engineering applications. To develop a refined method for evaluating the suitability of energy storage sites, an integrated approach that combines static feasibility analysis with dynamic performance assessment, considering key aspects such as reservoir properties, energy storage safety, and practical operability was proposed. The method was applied in the A2 geological formation of the Gudong Oilfield. Through the static analysis of site geological features, quantitative evaluation using GPSFLOW numerical simulation software, and on-site pilot gas injection tests, the results show that after injecting 9.4×10⁴ m³ of air, the pressure in the A2 geological formation decreases by 8.16% within 6 days. It indicates the good sealing performance meeting the requirements of energy storage space. Considering the dynamic performance of energy storage systems, the suitability evaluation method can provide more accurate data support for the site selection, construction, evaluation, and optimization of energy storage efficiency, further promoting sustainable development of clean energy utilization and energy transition.
- geological storage /
- suitability evaluation /
- numerical simulation /
- hydrological /
- lithologic trap

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图 1 孤东A2结构体结构解释图（东—西）

Figure 1. Structure explanation of A2 (east-west)

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图 2 网格剖分

Figure 2. Domain discretization

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图 3 相对渗透率和毛细压力计算函数曲线

Figure 3. Parameter of relative permeability and capillary pressure calculation function

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图 4 基本模型中井底压力随时间变化图

Figure 4. Pressure variation in the basic model

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图 5 不同时间气相饱和度分布

Figure 5. Gas saturation distribution on different days

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图 6 不同边界范围示意图

Figure 6. Schematic diagram of different boundary ranges

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图 7 不同边界范围模型中井底压力随时间变化图

Figure 7. Pressure variation of different boundary ratio scenarios

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图 8 不同孔隙度敏感性分析方案井底压力变化对比

Figure 8. Comparison of pressure variation for different porosity scenarios

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图 9 不同渗透率敏感性分析方案井底压力变化对比

Figure 9. Comparison of pressure variation for different permeability scenarios

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图 10 注气压力试验中井口压力变化

Figure 10. Wellhead pressure variation during gas injection test

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表 1 压缩气体地质储能场地适宜性静态评价指标

Table 1 Index for site assessment of compressed gas geological energy storage

类别	评价对象	影响因子	意义
储集性	储层	厚度	垂向距离影响储能空间体积
		面积	横向距离影响储能空间体积
		孔隙度	储能空间体积
		渗透率	影响气体可占据储集空间比例
		深度	影响压缩气体的压力及密度
		温度	影响流体的密度
安全性	盖层	厚度	可能的密封有效性
		岩石学特征	渗透性和孔隙度
		已知的密封性	流体逃逸的潜在性
		横向连续性	完整性和溢出点
		次级盖层	主盖层之上的密封性
	断层	破碎	流体转移潜能
		渗透性	流体运移时间
		构造	构造的稳定性影响新旧断层
	井孔	注入井	注入井的密封性
	井孔	废弃井	潜在的直接通道
	地表	地形气候	潜在泄露后羽流的延伸
		土地利用	气体暴露的影响
		人口密集程度	气体暴露的影响
		水文特征	气体的扩散形式
操作性	经济性	源汇匹配	与能源站的距离影响建设成本
	经济性	峰谷差价	峰谷差价影响储能系统的效益
	场地建设	注入井孔	井孔的数量及建设成本
		场地位置	保护区等占地影响批复性
		政策	政府、民众支持

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表 2 边界条件敏感性分析方案示例

Table 2 Scenarios demonstration of boundary sensitivity analysis

模型	参数
1	上、下及四周边界为封闭边界
2	上边界为开放边界，其余为封闭边界，逐步设置下、四周边界开放
3	上、下及四周边界为开放边界

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表 3 GPSFLOW质能守恒方程

Table 3 The mass and energy balance equations solved in GPSFLOW

参数	公式
质能守恒方程	$\dfrac{{\mathrm{d}}}{{\mathrm{d}}t}{\displaystyle\int }_{{V}_{n}}{M}^{i}{\mathrm{d}}{V}_{n}={\displaystyle\int }_{{\Gamma }_{n}}{F}^{i}\cdot n{\mathrm{d}}{\Gamma }_{n}+{\displaystyle\int }_{{V}_{n}}{q}^{i}{\mathrm{d}}{V}_{n}$
质量累积方程	${M}^{i}=\varphi \displaystyle\sum\limits_{\beta =1}^{{\mathrm{NPH}}}{S}_{\beta }{\rho }_{\beta }{X}_{\beta }^{i},$ $i=1,{\mathrm{NK}};\;\beta =1,{\mathrm{NPH}}$
能量累积方程	${M}^{{\mathrm{NK}}+1}=\varphi \displaystyle\sum\limits_{\beta =1}^{{\mathrm{NPH}}}{S}_{\beta }{\rho }_{\beta }{U}_{\beta }+\left(1-\varphi \right){\rho }_{R}{C}_{R}T$
质量通量	${F}^{i}=\displaystyle\sum\limits_{\beta =1}^{{\mathrm{NPH}}}{X}_{\beta }^{i}{\rho }_{\beta }{u}_{\beta }$
能量通量	$F^{\mathrm{NK}+1}=-\lambda\nabla T+\varphi\displaystyle\sum\limits_{\beta=1}^{\mathrm{NPH}}h_{\beta}\rho_{\beta}u_{\beta}$
注：i为组分，NK表示组分总数量；Mⁱ为组分i在单位体积中的质量或能量积累项；V_n为由闭合表面所界定的任意子域；F为质量或热通量；n为指向V_n的面元Γ_n上的法向量；q为质量或能量的汇/源项；φ为孔隙度；β为相态指数，从1到相态总数量（NPH）；S_β为相β的饱和度（各相占据的孔隙空间的体积分数）；ρ_β为相β的密度； ${X}_{\beta }^{i}$ 为相β中组分i的质量分数；U_β表示相β的比内能；C_R为岩石比热；T为温度；u_β为达西速度；λ为导热系数；h_β为相β的比焓。

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表 4 岩石基本性质

Table 4 Basic parameters of rocks

参数	砂岩	泥岩
孔隙度	0.345	0.05
水平向渗透率/（10⁻¹⁵ m²）	2000	0.01
垂向渗透率/（10⁻¹⁵ m²）	200	0.001
岩石颗粒密度/（kg·m⁻³）	2600
压缩系数/Pa⁻¹	1.0×10⁻¹⁰
比热/（J·kg⁻¹·°C⁻¹）	920.0

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表 5 不同边界范围敏感性分析方案设计

Table 5 Different boundary ratio scenarios design

编号	边界范围
B1	0.6
B2	0.8
B3	1.2
B4	1.4

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表 6 不同孔隙度敏感性分析方案设计

Table 6 Different porosity scenarios design

编号	孔隙度
P1	0.1
P2	0.2
P3	0.345
P4	0.4

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表 7 不同渗透率敏感性分析方案设计

Table 7 Different permeability scenarios design

编号	渗透率/（10⁻¹⁵ m²）
K1	50
K2	100
K3	500
K4	1000
K5	2000
K6	3000
K7	4000

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岩性圈闭型压缩气体地质储能场地适宜性评价方法及应用研究

作者简介:
郭朝斌（1989—），男，博士，副研究员，主要从事多相流体数值模拟工作。E-mail：guochaobin123@hotmail.com

通讯作者:
李采（1979—），女，博士，正高级工程师，主要从事多相流体数值模拟工作。E-mail：licai@cags.ac.cn

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Site suitability evaluation method and application of compressed gas geological energy storage in lithologic trap

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岩性圈闭型压缩气体地质储能场地适宜性评价方法及应用研究

作者简介: 郭朝斌（1989—），男，博士，副研究员，主要从事多相流体数值模拟工作。E-mail：guochaobin123@hotmail.com

通讯作者: 李采（1979—），女，博士，正高级工程师，主要从事多相流体数值模拟工作。E-mail：licai@cags.ac.cn

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出版历程

Site suitability evaluation method and application of compressed gas geological energy storage in lithologic trap

计量

出版历程

目录

友情链接：

作者简介:
郭朝斌（1989—），男，博士，副研究员，主要从事多相流体数值模拟工作。E-mail：guochaobin123@hotmail.com

通讯作者:
李采（1979—），女，博士，正高级工程师，主要从事多相流体数值模拟工作。E-mail：licai@cags.ac.cn