Abstract: To investigate the optimization effect of electroosmotic direction on pile foundations, the traditional horizontal electroosmosis was rotated by 90° to form vertical electroosmosis, which was then integrated with the pile foundation to create a vertical electroosmosis reinforced pile. Through model testing, two vertical electroosmosis directions—bottom-up and top-down—were established, along with a control group without electroosmosis. The variations in soil moisture content, water pumping capacity, earth pressure, soil settlement, and shear strength were analyzed during the electroosmosis process. Static load tests and direct shear tests were employed to evaluate the effectiveness of the soft soil reinforcement. The experimental results demonstrate that vertical electroosmosis significantly increased both the shear strength and the bearing capacity of silty soft soil. Specifically, the bottom-up and top-down electroosmosis resulted in shear strength increases by 273.5% and 326.5%, respectively, while the pile bearing capacity improved by 183.3% and 230.6%, respectively. The top-down electroosmosis exhibited the most favorable results. Additionally, due to the faster drainage rate, the settlement of the soil surrounding the pile exceeded that of the soil beneath it, generating approximately 0.5 kPa of negative skin friction. This led to a 41.0% greater settlement in the top-down group compared to the bottom-up group, corresponding to a 16.7% higher bearing capacity. The research findings provide valuable insights for further optimizing the application of electroosmosis in pile foundation reinforcement.