Abstract: Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous felsic intrusive rocks are extensively exposed on the northern flank of Huangshan, where hot springs and geothermal anomalies have been identified at the intersections of major fault zones. Understanding the recharge, flow, and discharge processes of geothermal groundwater, identifying the water- and heat-conducting fault systems within the crystalline basement, and establishing a conceptual geothermal reservoir model are essential for evaluating the geothermal resource potential and its sustainable utilization. This study aims to characterize the geothermal system of the northern Huangshan area and elucidate its hydrogeological and geological controls. Through remote sensing hydrogeological interpretation, geological survey, geophysical survey, verification of geothermal exploration well and sample testing, the characteristics of hydro-geothermal system in the northern foot of Huang Mountain were revealed. Groundwater is primarily recharged by atmospheric precipitation. A portion of the infiltrated groundwater undergoes deep circulation along fault zones, where it is progressively heated before ascending along fault intersections and ultimately discharging into unconsolidated aquifers. The fault zone at the northern flank of Huang Mountain presents weak to medium groundwater productivity, and the north-south trending fault zone is deeply cut, which is the main water and heat conducting structure at the northern flank of Huangshan Mountain; The northwest trending fault zone cutting the north-south trending fault zone, partially filled with intermediate-acidic vein rocks. These faults possess relatively lower hydraulic conductivity but serve primarily as heat-conducting structures with limited groundwater transmissivity. The study area is characterized as a deep-circulation geothermal system in an uplifted mountainous setting. The geothermal reservoir is mainly composed of fault breccia and fractured granite intercalated with igneous dikes. The geothermal water is classified as a metasilicic acid- and fluoride-rich mineral water. The surface hot spring water chemical type is HCO₃－Ca•Na type, and the temperature of spring water was 29.8 ℃; The geothermal well water chemical type is HCO₃－Na type, with the discharge temperatures of 25.8 ℃ and 26.3 ℃. This study provides a basis for the development, utilization, and protection of geothermal resources in the northern flank of Huangshan Mountain.