Abstract: This paper examines the Longmen-Tongguan Section in middle reaches of the Yellow River,uses standpipe test method to investigate the permeability of the riverbed sediment in the Yellow River.The vertical coefficient of permeability and horizontal coefficient of permeability of the riverbed sediment in the Yellow River are measured.By using a ground water simulation system software,the interaction between river water and ground water is analyzed and their transformation amount is also calculated.The results lays a reliable foundation for the study of the relationship between the Yellow River water and the ground water.