落石冲击力计算方法的比较研究
Comparative research on impact force calculation methods for rockfalls
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摘要: 落石冲击力计算依赖于一些半经验半理论的算法,但这些算法的适宜性、合理性一直未能得到充分讨论和厘清。本文选择国内外代表性的5种冲击力算法,在设定落石尺寸、自由落高和缓冲土层厚度下进行冲击力计算结果的系统对比分析,发现国内有关规范推荐的落石冲击力算法实际计算的是落石冲击过程平均冲击力,而并非最大冲击力,从而导致工程应用中冲击力计算结果严重偏小,应是落石冲击力作用下结构开裂和失效的原因。相应地,以日本道路公团算法为代表的基于落石现场冲击实测冲击力拟合得到的经验算法比较符合实际,建议引入使用,但其不足在于不能反映冲击角度、缓冲土层厚度等对冲击力的影响,要圆满解决落石冲击力计算问题需要在以上各方面进一步努力。Abstract: Calculation of rockfall impact force depends on some semi-theoretical and semi-empirical methods,whose suitability and rationality have not been fully discussed and clarified.Choosing five representative rockfal impact force calculation methods,by systematic comparative research on impact force calculation results at different impacting speed,buffer layer thickness and rockfall size,the authors found that the impacrt force calculation method recommended by codes is unreliable. Because they refle...