Design of the distributed real-time monitoring system for geological hazards based on LoRa

For the difficulty of monitoring and data transmission of geological hazards in the karst mountainous areas of southwest China, a new design scheme of a distributed real-time monitoring system for geological hazards based on LoRa is proposed, in which the microelectronics, wireless communication and control strategy optimization technologyare employed. The system uses the low-power embedded microcontroller STM32L071 and lora-based SX1278 wireless communication module as the core, adopts the star topology structure to design a self-organizing network, and constructs a monitoring hardware system with a long communication distance and stable data transmission. The system also adds the intelligent software control technology to solve the contradiction between power consumption and real-time performance of field equipment. Finally, the real-time acquisition and transmission of multiple monitoring parameters of a disaster body is realized. The field test was conducted to analyze the transmission stability and real-time performance of the equipment. The test results show that in a 4-month experiment period, the equipment’s packet acceptance rate reaches more than 92% in the data transmission process, and the real-time performance of data collection reaches the second level when the disaster body changes are detected. This system has the technical characteristics of low power consumption, unrestricted landform and stable communication. It can effectively solve the difficult problem of monitoring geological disasters in the complex mountainous areas.